Platelet apheresis status of blood donors in an island city / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To study the characteristics of voluntary apheresis platelet donors in Zhoushan Islands and its influence on the collection and supply of apheresis platelets. 【Methods】 From January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021, 1038 eligible donors were selected out of 1151 apheresis candidates for demographic analysis, donation time analysis, blood routine test. We also investigated whether the current supply of apheresis platelet met the needs of clinical. The lapsed donors(with only one donation) were telephone interviewed to investigate the lapsing reasons. 【Results】 From 2017 to 2021, the median (M) ratio of platelet donors to the population in Zhoushan City was 0.454 ‰. And 90.18% (1038/1151) of the candidates completed donation, involving 2659 donations and 3205 U products. The per capita donation amount was (1.29±0.77) U per person, which basically met the blood demand in clinical of Zhoushan Islands. The 1038 platelet donors were 18 to 59 yeas old[M(QR) 34(16)], and 47.50% (493/1038) of them aged 31 to 45; the ratio of male to female blood donors was 2.0∶1; 70.61% (733/1038) had college education or above; ABO blood group profile was A>O>B>AB. There were several peak periods of donation during 2017~2021: the second and third quarters of 2017~2019 and the third quarter of 2020; none in 2021, as yeae 2021 was volatile. The donation proportion of the first quarter was the lowest throughout 2017~2021. In 2017 and 2018, the proportion of donors with one donation accounted for 79.79% (75/94) and 51.63% (95/184), respectively. From 2019 to 2021, the proportion of donors with twice or more donation accounted for 60.35% (137/227), 57.36% (187/326) and 53.13% (170/320) , respectively. During 5 years, 10.88% (113/1051) of the candidates failed to donate platelets, of whom 72.57% (82/113) were due to unqualified pre-donation testing. 【Conclusion】 The donation behaviors in Zhoushan have been affected by each above-mentioned demographic factors. The awareness of donation and donation services in Zhoushan have been improved as combing the special geographic condition and demographic characteristics together, and the donation units is elevating yearly which has met the clinical needs of the whole island.

Training variables and autonomic nervous system adaption / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Autonomic nervous system plays a critical role in mediating cardiovascular system to adapt the metabolic demands of the muscle activity, and is an important presenter and supporter of physical activity. OBJECTIVE: To systematically analyze the possible effects of exercise intensity, exercise modality, and exercise duration on autonomic nervous system regulation during and after exercise through reviewing the related literature on the autonomic nervous system and heart rate variability assessment of autonomic nervous system, so as to understand the mechanisms that meet the metabolic needs of physical activities. METHODS: PubMed and CNKI databases were searched using the keywords of “autonomic nerves system, heart rate variability, exercise intensity, exercise modality, exercise duration” in English and Chinese, respectively. The studies published from 1999 to 2018 were retrieved. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Cardiac autonomic neuromodulation is evaluated by heart rate variability index based on RR interval changes. Heart rate variability is a sensitive marker that reflects the co-regulation of cardiac function in sympathetic nerves and parasympathetic (vagal) nerves in the autonomic nervous system. In addition, the heart rate variability signals contain a large amount of regulatory information, including cardiovascular system, hormones and body fluids. Therefore, the mechanism of exercise-induced cardiac autonomic nervous system adaptation is still unclear. Exercise intensity may be the main factor affecting the regulation of cardiac autonomic nervous system during and after exercise. The training parameters such as exercise form and duration, as well as their interaction effects, may affect the adaptive process of cardiac autonomic nervous system.

Effects of physical activity on hippocampal plasticity and cognition / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: As a practical model, physical activity can study the relationship between exercise and brain health In various ways, so as to better understand the promotion of exercise to the brain. In particular, how physical activity changes the structure and function of the hippocampus. OBJECTIVE: To review the researches on the physical activity, hippocampus and cognition, and to put forward the problems that need to be solved in current practice and research application. METHODS: PubMed database was retrieved for relevant studies published from 1995 to 2019. The keywords were “physical activity, exercise, hippocampus, cognition, neuroplasticity, adaptive, mechanisms” in English. The articles about the practical application and regulation mechanism for physical activity, hippocampus and cognition were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totally 142 collected articles were searched firstly, the irrelevant and repetitive articles were excluded, and finally 89 eligible articles were included. The hippocampal dentate gyrus has the ability to regenerate nerves. Regular physical activity has a profound effect on the health of the body and brain, and can promote the nerve regeneration of hippocampus dentate gyrus, which can be increased by 2-3 times. This type of nerve mainly occurs in the dorsal side of dentate gyrus. In addition, exercise is also important for changes in neuronal maturation, morphology, and connectivity, and can alter the integration pathways of new neurons and increase the number of incoming neonatal and afferent cell synapses. The nerve regeneration of dentate gyrus is related to various factors induced by exercise. Exercise can promote changes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity by regulating excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters. Exercise-induced increase in serum brain derived neurotrophic factor levels may reduce hippocampal volume changes. The duration and intensity of exercise can differentially regulate cerebral blood flow, which in turn affect neuronal activity. Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor after long-term exercise can promote the proliferation of hippocampus and increase the hippocampal neurogenesis. Besides, exercise can also alter the synaptic plasticity and connectivity of adult newborn neurons, enhancing the integration of adult newborn neurons with existing hippocampal-enveloping pathways.

Validity and reliability of the Chinese version of Mobile Phone Involvement Questionnaire in college students / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To test the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of Mobile Phone Involvement Questionnaire (MPIQ) in college students.@*METHODS@#We assessed the degree of phone dependence using the MPIQ among 2122 college students. One month later, 60 students were randomly selected for assessment with the MPIQ, and the ROC curve was generated to evaluate the true positive rate (sensitivity) and false positive rate at different cutoff values to determine the optimal cutoff score of the MPIQ.@*RESULTS@#Among 98.9% of the participants who finished all the items, their MPIQ scores show a positive skew distribution and a one-factor structure. The load scores of the items ranged from 0.54 to 0.77. The Cronbach's α coefficient and the Spearman Brown split reliability were 0.84 and 0.83, respectively, the correlation coefficients between the items and total score ranged from 0.54 to 0.76, and the test-retest reliability was 0.48 ( < 0.001). At the optimal cut-off score of 32, the sensitivity and the specificity of the MPIQ were 0.634 and 0.652, respectively.@*CONCLUSIONS@#At the optimal cut-off score of 32, the MPIQ has good validity and reliability for assessing phone dependence among college students.

Association of mobile phone overuse with sleep disorder and unhealthy eating behaviors in college students of a medical university in Guangzhou / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the association of mobile phone use with sleep disorder and unhealthy eating behavior among college students of a medical university in Guangzhou.@*METHODS@#Mobile Phone Involvement Questionnaire (MPIQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire Revised 21 Item (TFEQ-R21) were used to survey 2122 undergraduates of the medical university. One-sample t test, One-way ANOVA and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data.@*RESULTS@#Age, body mass index (BMI), phone use before sleep, phone use frequency, sleep quality (assessed by total PSQI score) and the dimension scores of TFEQ-R21 for uncontrolled eating, cognitive restraint, and emotional eating were all significantly correlated with the total score of MPIQ ( < 0.05). Phone use before sleep, high frequency of mobile phone use, poor sleep quality and emotional eating were associated with high MPIQ scores, while lower cognitive restraint and emotional eating tendency were correlated with lower scores of MPIQ. Bivariate analysis revealed that age (=0.088, < 0.001), BMI (=0.055, < 0.05), PSQI scores (=0.204, < 0.001), TFEQ-UE scores (=0.199, < 0.001), TFEQ-CR scores (=-0.076, < 0.001), TFEQ-EE scores (=0.170, < 0.001), phone use before sleep (=0.429, < 0.001), and phone use frequency (=0.316, < 0.001) were all significantly correlated with MPIQ scores; multiple linear regression analysis showed that model 4 incorporating the scores of TFEQ-UE, TFEQ-CR, and TFEQ-EE explained up to 21.8% of the main effect (adjusted R= 21.5%).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Mobile phone overuse is associated with poor sleep quality and unhealthy eating behaviors, and education and interventions for mobile phone use is essential among college students.

Polymorphisms of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor-Related Genes and the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Chinese Population

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of GRIK2 and NLGN1 with autism spectrum disorder in a Chinese population. METHODS: We performed spatio-temporal expression analysis of GRIK2 and NLGN1 in the developing prefrontal cortex, and examined the expression of the genes in ASD cases and healthy controls using the GSE38322 data set. Following, we performed a case-control study in a Chinese population. RESULTS: The analysis using the publicly available expression data showed that GRIK2 and NLGN1 may have a role in the development of human brain and contribute to the risk of ASD. Later genetic analysis in the Chinese population showed that the GRIK2 rs6922753 for the T allele, TC genotype and dominant model played a significant protective role in ASD susceptibility (respectively: OR=0.840, p=0.023; OR=0.802, p=0.038; OR=0.791, p=0.020). The NLGN1 rs9855544 for the G allele and GG genotype played a significant protective role in ASD susceptibility (respectively: OR=0.844, p=0.019; OR=0.717, p=0.022). After adjusting p values, the statistical significance was lost (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that GRIK2 rs6922753 and NLGN1 rs9855544 might not confer susceptibility to ASD in the Chinese population.

Molecular basis of an individual with CisAB subtype of ABO blood group / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the molecular basis for an individual with CisAB subtype of the ABO blood group.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>ABO antigen and serum antibody of the proband were detected with a serological method. Exons 5 to 7 of the ABO gene were amplified with PCR and sequenced bidirectionally. Allele-specific amplification for exon 6 to 7 was also carried out.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The proband was assigned as a CisAB phenotype based on his serological characteristics. Heterozygous variations including 220C/T, 261G/del, 297A/G, 467C/T, 646A/T, 681A/G, 771C/T, 803G/C, 829A/G and 1009A/G of the ABO gene were identified through direct sequencing, which was assigned as CisAB01var/O02 genotype. Allele-specific amplification indicated that the proband carried an O02 allele and a CisAB01var allele. Compared with A102, the CisAB01var allele has two nucleotide substitutions at 803G>C and 1009A>G, which resulted in replacement of amino acid Gly by Ala at position 268 and Arg by Gly at position 337.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The CisAB subtype was identified with 803G>C and 1009A>G variants in the α1,3-N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase gene compared with that of the A102 allele.</p>

The protective effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor on AD-like neurodegenerative changes / 天津医药

Objective To explore the protective effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4I) on AD-like neurodegenerative changes and its mechanism. Methods The human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y on the logarithmic phase was divided into six groups:control group (CON group, treated with PBS contained 1‰DMSO for 12 h), wortmannin intervention group (W group, treated with 0.03 μmol/L wortmannin for 12 h), DPP-4I intervention group (DPP-4I group, treated with 10μmol/L DPP-4I for 12 h), both DPP-4I and wortmannin intervention group (DPP-4I+W group, pre-treated with 10 μmol/L DPP-4I for 2 h, then 0.03 μmol/L wortmannin for 12 h), DPP-4I, wortmannin and Ex9-39 intervention group (DPP-4I+W+Ex9-39 group, pre-treated with 10μmol/L Ex9-39 for 2 h, then 10μmol/L DPP-4I for 2 h followed by 0.03μmol/L wortmannin for 12 h), and Ex9-39 intervention group (Ex9-39 group, treated with 10μmol/L Ex9-39 for 12 h). MTT assay was used to detect the cell vitality. Western blot assay was used to detect the level of total tau protein (tau-5) and phosphorylated tau at different sites (pSpS199/202, pT231 and pS396), the level of phosphorylated neurofilaments (NF-H, NF-M) and phosphorylation of critical enzyme in PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway. Results (1) The cell vitality decreased, the levels of pSpS199/202, pT231, pS396 and NF-H/M increased significantly in W group than those in CON group. However, comparing with CON group, the above mentioned parameters reversed in DPP-4I group. Comparing with W group, the cell vitality increased and phosphorylated levels of above mentioned indices were decreased in DPP-4I+W group. (2) The cell vitality showed a decline trend while the levels of phosphorylation tau at three different sites and NF-H/M were higher in Ex9-39 group than those in CON group. Comparing with DPP-4I+W group, the results of the phosphorylated levels showed the same changes in DPP-4I+W+Ex9-39 group. (3) Comparing with CON group, the expression levels of phosphorylated PI3K, Akt and GSK3β increased significantly in DPP-4I group, while those decreased in W group. Additionally, the expression levels of phosphorylated PI3K, Akt and GSK3β were significantly increased in DPP-4I+W group than those in W group. Conclusion DPP-4I can enhance the level of GLP-1 and activate PI3K/Akt/GSK-3βinsulin signaling pathway to improve the hyperphosphorylated tau and NFs induced by wortmannin, and to protect AD-like neurodegeneration.

Expression of microRNA-221 and IL-17 in papillary thyroid carcinoma and correlation with clinicopathologic features / 中华病理学杂志

Objective@#To study the expression of microRNA-221(miR-221) and IL-17 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and their roles in the carcinogenesis of PTC.@*Methods@#Real-time RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to detect the expression of miR-221 and IL-17 in 40 cases of PTC, 20 adjacent normal thyroid tissues and 20 cases of nodular goiter, and the correlation with clinicopathologic features was analyzed.@*Results@#(1)The expression level of miR-221 was significantly higher in PTC compared with nodular goiter and adjacent normal thyroid tissue (P<0.05), but not between the latter two (P>0.05). The expression of miR-221 was related to TNM staging, capsular invasion and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05) but not to patients′ age, sex, tumor size, multifocality, tumor spread and vascular invasion.(2)Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot showed that higher levels of IL-17 mRNA and IL-17 protein in PTC than nodular goiter and adjacent normal thyroid tissue (P<0.05), but not between the latter two (P>0.05). IHC assay showed positive expression of IL-17 in PTC but not in nodular goiter and adjacent normal thyroid tissue. IL-17 expression was related to TNM staging, capsular invasion and lymph node metastasis, but not to patients′ age, sex, tumor size, tumor spread and vascular invasion.(3) Expression analysis revealed a significant correlation between the miR-221 and IL-17 expression (r=0.524, P=0.001).@*Conclusions@#The expressions of miR-221 and IL-17 are significantly higher and positively correlated in PTC, suggesting that miR-221 may regulate IL-17 expression by interacting with a variety of cytokines and inflammatory cells to participate in the development of PTC. miR-221 may be a potential novel prognostic indicator and therapeutic target for PTC.

Effect and mechanism of IL-1β/JNK transduction pathway on the nasal mucosa remodeling in allergic rhinitis rats / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the role of JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) signal transduction pathway on the nasal mucosa remodeling in allergic rhinitis rats, to explore whether IL-1β participates the nasal mucosa remodeling in allergic rhinitis by JNK signal transduction pathway.@*METHOD@#Totally 60 male Wistar rats (weighing about 200-250 g)were randomly divided into A (AR group) and B group (control group). The rats in A group were sensitized for inducing AR by intraperitoneal injection ovalbumin and Al(OH)₃. Ovalbumin was respectively dropped in each nasal cavity of every rat for 4,8,12 weeks(A4,A8,or A12 group) each had 10 rats. The rats in B group were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection saline. Saline was respectively dropped in each nasal cavity of every rat for 4,8, 12 weeks(B4, B8, or B12 group), and each had 10 rats. The concentration of IL-1β in serum and nasal lavage fluid were tested by ELASA. The protein expressions of P-JNK and P-c-Jun were detected by immunohistochemical technique. Linear correlation analysis showed the correlation between levels of IL-1β in serum and P-JNK protein, levels of IL-1β in nasal lavage fluid and P-JNK protein.@*RESULT@#The concentrations of IL-1β in serum and nasal lavage fluid of A group were all significantly higher than those of the corresponding B group (all P 0.05). Mean absorbance values of P-JNK and P-c-Jun in A group were significantly higher than those in corresponding B group (all P < 0.01) and compared with A4 group and A8 group, those of A12 group were significantly increased (all P < 0.01). Strong positive correlation were found between P-JNK and concentration of IL-1β in serum or nasal lavage fluid (r = 0.835 and r = 0.902, all P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#JNK signal transduction pathway plays important role in the nasal mucosa remodeling in allergic rhinitis rats. IL-1β participates in AR nasal mucosa remodeling possibly partly through activating JNK signal transduction pathway.

Clinical effects of laparoscopic electrocoagulating hook'method in treatment of rectal cancer / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective To explore the clinical effect of laparoscopic electrocoagulating hook'method in treatment of rectal cancer.Methods The retrospective cohort study was adopted.The clinical data of 237 patients with rectal cancer who were admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from June 2004 to June 2009 were collected.Among 237 patients undergoing radical resection of rectal cancer,120 using laparoscopic electrocoagulating hook'method were allocated into the laparoscopic electrocoagulating hook'group and 117 using laparoscopic ultrasound knife's method were allocated into the laparoscopic ultrasound knife's group.Observation indicators included:(1)treatment situations:operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,number of lymph node dissected,time to anal exsufflation,time for out-of-bed activity,duration of hospital stay,treatment expenses and occurrence of complications(anastomotic leakage,intestinal obstruction,postoperative dysuresia and sexual dysfunction),(2)follow-up situations.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect tumor recurrence and metastasis up to December 18,2014.The colonoscopy,chest X-ray and abdominal computed tomography(CT)were applied to suspected patients with local or distal tumor recurrence.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented asx±s and comparison between groups was analyzed using t test.Count data were analyzed using chi-square test or Fisher exact probability.The survival curve was drawn by Kaplan-Meier method,and the survival rate was analyzed using the Log-rank test.Results(1)Treatment situations:all the patients underwent successful laparoscopic surgery,without conversion to open surgery.Operation time,number of lymph node dissected,time to anal exsufflation,time for out-of-bed activity and duration of hospital stay were respectively(156±33)minutes,18±2,(1.5±0.6)days,(1.5±0.5)days,(7.5±2.5)days in the laparoscopic electrocoagulating hook'group and(175±21)minutes,16±4,(1.6±0.5)days,(1.4±0.5)days,(8.0±1.8)days in the laparoscopic ultrasound knife's group,with no statistically significant difference in the above indexes between the 2 groups(t=25.324,20.117,21.477,1.617,1.770,P＞0.05).Volume of intraoperative blood loss and treatment expenses were respectively(116±12)mL,(2.4±0.3)×104 yuan in the laparoscopic electrocoagulating hook'group and(149±25)mL,(2.8±0.2)×104 yuan in the laparoscopic ultrasound knife's group,with statistically significant differences in the above indexes between the 2 groups(t=212.740,211.071,P＜0.05).Anastomotic leakage,intestinal obstruction and dysuresia or sexual dysfunction were respectively detected in 6,3,0 in the laparoscopic electrocoagulating hook'group and 7,3,5 in the laparoscopic ultrasound knife's group,with no statistically significant difference in the anastomotic leakage and intestinal obstruction between the 2 groups(x2=0.110,P＞0.05)and with a statistically significant difference in the dysuresia or sexual dysfunction between the 2 groups(P＜0.05).All the patients received postoperative chemotherapy of FOLFOX regimens for 6 cycles.(2)Followup situations:226 patients were followed up for a median time of 52 months(range,11-121 months),and 11 patients lost to follow-up were included in the study as censored data,including 5 in the laparoscopic electrocoagulating hook'group and 6 in the laparoscopic ultrasound knife's group.During the follow-up,67 patients were dead,including 58 died of tumor recurrence and metastasis,4 died of cerebral hemorrhage,3 died of myocardial infarction and 2 died of renal failure.The overall survival rate and overall survival time were 70.36％and 51 months.The overall local tumor recurrence rate,distal tumor recurrence rate and 5-year survival rate were 8.33％(10/120),25.83％(31/120),71.7％in the laparoscopic electrocoagulating hook'group and 7.69％(9/117),29.06％(34/117),72.4％in the laparoscopic ultrasound knife's group,with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups(x2=0.033,0.310,0.002,P＞0.05).Conclusion The laparoscopic electrocoagulating hook'method in treatment of rectal cancer is safe and effective compared with traditional laparoscopic surgery,and it could also reduce the incidence of autonomic nerve-related complications and treatment expenses.

Reliability, validity and cut-off value of the childhood autism spectrum test / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the applicability of the childhood autism spectrum test (CAST) of children in Mainland China according to autism screening,in order to provide the effective reference for the identification and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders of children.Methods Two hundreds and fifty-two typical developing children,and 61 autistic children who were confirmed by psychological clinic of Child Healthcare Clinic,Shenzhen Luohu District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital who were conformed with diagnosis standards of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition(DSM-5) by using CAST Chinese version were assessed,and the reliability and validity analysis were made on the CAST scale.The receiver operating characteristic curve was drew to determine the optimal threshold value,and the sensitivity,specificity and positive predictive value were calculated.Results CAST Chinese version had good reliability,Cronbach's α was 0.880.Split-half reliability coefficient r was 0.821,and the whole scale calibration reliability coefficient was 0.902.There was statistically significant difference between items and the total score(P＜0.05).The consistency between the CAST ≥4 years old children and diagnosis standards of DSM-5 reached 0.884(P=0.000).The consistency 3-＜4 years old children and diagnosis standards of DSM-5 reached 0.867 (P=0.000).Among the screening of the children who were ≥4 years old,the cut off was 15 scores that the sensitivity and specificity were best.With the children of 3-＜4 years old,a designated cut-point should be 17 scores.Conclusions There are good reliability and validity of CAST,which can be used to mainland China,as well as to screen autistic children more than 3 years old.

Role of P-JNK and P-c-Jun of JNK transduction pathway on the nasal mucosa remodeling in allergic rhinitis rats / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the role of P-JNK and P-c-Jun of JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) on nasal mucosa remodeling in allergic rhinitis rats.@*METHOD@#Sixty male Wistar rats (weighing about 200-250 g) were randomly divided into AR group (A group) and B group(control group). The rats in A group were sensitized for inducing AR by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin and Al(OH)₃. Rats in group A were randomized into A4, A8 and A12 group (each had 10 rats). Ovalbumin was dropped in each nasal cavity of every rat for 4,8,12 weeks, respectively. Rats in group B were sensitized by saline instead of OVA, and were also divided into B4, B8 and B12 group. Each group had 10 rats. Pathological changes of nasal mucosa in each period were observed by hematoxylin and eosin stain dyeing. The phosphorylation of JNK and c-Jun were tested by immunohistochemistry.@*RESULT@#In A8 group, mucosal congestion and edema thickening with inflammatory cells infiltration of eosinophils were observed in the eighth week, and the inflammatory changes were significantly increased as time went on. The mean absorbance values of P-JNK and P-c-Jun in A group were significantly higher than those in the corresponding B group (all P < 0.01). Moreover, the mean absorbance values of A12 group were significantly higher than A4 group and A8 group (all P < 0.01 ).@*CONCLUSION@#The expression of P-JNK and P-c-Jun in the process of nasal mucosa remodeling in allergic rhinitis rats were increased, which suggested that P-JNK and P-c-Jun played important roles in nasal mucosa remodeling of the allergic rhinitis rats.

Development characteristics of empathy and its relationship with aggression in adolescents / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To explore the development characteristics of empathy in adolescents and the relations with aggression.Methods:With multistage stratified random sampling method,15 738 middle school students were selected from 5 provinces across China.The Buss-Warren Aggression Questionnaire Revised in China (BWAQ-RC) and Interactional Reactivity Index (IRI-C)was used to measure adolescents'aggression and empathy.Results:Girls had higher level of empathy than boys (P <0.001).Age and gender were interacted in predicting empathetic con-cern (P <0.001).Perspective taking was significant negative predictor of indirect aggression,physical aggression, hostile and angry (P <0.001),while empathetic concern was significant positive predictor of indirect aggression, verbal aggression,hostile and angry (P <0.001).Empathy was divided into 4 class used the K-Means clustering a-nalysis,namely,low empathy class,high perspective taking class,high empathetic concern class,high perspective taking and empathetic concern class.In contrast to other classes,individuals in low empathy class were more likely to involve in physical aggression (P <0.05),and individuals in high level of perspective taking and empathetic con-cern class were related with less physical aggression and elevated verbal aggression (P <0.05).Individuals in high empathetic concern class exhibited more indirect aggression,hostile and anger than other subgroups (P <0.05). Conclusion:The unbalance development of the two components of empathy may be closely correlated with different conduction of aggressive behaviors.

Enhancing the Core Competitiveness of University Students through Simulative Employment Training Course / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To explore the validity of simulative employment training course on enhancing the core competitiveness of university students.Method We investigate the students with simulative employment trainin, graduates and recruiters through interview, symposium and questionnaire survey. Results The comprehensive quality and occupational capacity of students that completed simulative employment training had been improved. In the simulative employment training course,98%students thought their interview skills had been promoted, 90%recruiters were satisfied with the students,95%graduates who had worked consider that the simulative employment training were helpful. Conclusions Simulative employment training is effective for enhancing the core competitiveness of university students.

Polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1 and susceptibility of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1 GSTT1 and the susceptibility of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas (LHC).@*METHOD@#The GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes were determined by multiplex PCR analysis in 76 LHC patients and 76 population controls. The association between the genotypes and LHC risk was measured by odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).@*RESULT@#The frequency of GSTM1 null genotype was 59.2% in the LHC patients and 42.1% in controls (OR=1.935, 95% CI=1.069-3.510), the difference was significant (P0.05). In smokers, the risk of the LHC increased in subjects of GSTM1 null genotype (OR=5.545, 95% CI=2.158-13.528).@*CONCLUSION@#GSTM1 polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to the LHC. It has the synergistic effects with smoking in the development of the LHC. GSTT1 genotypes might have no association with risk of the LHC in urban Linyi.

Polymorphisms of GSTM1,GSTT1 and susceptibility of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To study the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1 GSTT1 and the susceptibility of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas(LHC).Method:The GSTM1 an GSTT1 genotypes were determined by multiplex PCR analysis in 76 LHC patients and 76 population controls.The association be tween the genotypes and LHC risk was measured by odds ratios(ORs)and 95% confidence intervals(95%Cls).Resuit:The frequency of GSTM1 null genotype was 59.2% in the LHC patients and 42.1% in controls(OR=1.935,95%CI=1.069-3.510),the difference was significant(P＜0.01).The frequency of GSTT1 null genotype was 57.9% in the LHC patients and 51.3% in controls.The difference was not significant(P＞0.05).In smokers,the risk of the LHC increased in subjects of GSTM1 null genotype(OR=5.545,95%CI=2.158-13.528).Conclusion:GSTM1 polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to the LHC.It has the synergistic effects with smoking in the development of the LHC.GSTT1 genotypes might have no association with risk of the LHC in urban Linyi.